Asociación Entre el Descuento por Demora y los Síntomas Psicopatológicos

Autores/as

  • Elder Gomes Pereira Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais
  • Júlia Bazzan Porto UFMG
  • Luís Otávio Silva Delfino Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais
  • Maycoln Leôni Martins Teodoro Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.31505/rbtcc.v27i1.2177

Palabras clave:

Descuento por demora, Transtornos internalizantes, Neuroticismo

Resumen

El descuento por demora se refiere a la tendencia a desvalorizar las recompensas a medida que aumenta el tiempo de espera para recibirlas. Niveles altos de descuento se asocian con conductas desadaptativas y con trastornos como la ansiedad y la depresión. Este estudio examinó la influencia del descuento por demora en síntomas de ansiedad, depresión y estrés en 520 adultos brasileños (70,2 % mujeres; edad media = 27,3 años), considerando covariables sociodemográficas y el rasgo de neuroticismo. Los participantes completaron cuestionarios en línea sobre personalidad (IGFP-5), síntomas psicopatológicos (DASS-21) y preferencias monetarias (MCQ-27). Los resultados mostraron que quienes presentaban alto descuento reportaron mayores niveles de ansiedad, depresión y estrés en comparación con los grupos moderado y bajo. Sin embargo, tras controlar covariables y neuroticismo, solo ansiedad y estrés se mantuvieron significativamente asociados. Los hallazgos sugieren que el descuento por demora impacta síntomas específicos de trastornos internalizantes.

Descargas

Los datos de descargas todavía no están disponibles.

Citas

Amirazodi, F., & Amirazodi, M. (2011). Personality traits and self-esteem. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 29, 713-716. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2011.11.296

Amlung, M., Marsden, E., Holshausen, K., Morris, V., Patel, H., Vedelago, L., Naish, K. R., R., Reed, D.D. McCabe, R. E. (2019). Delay Discounting as a Transdiagnostic Process in Psychiatric Disorders: A Meta-analysis. JAMA psychiatry, 76(11), 1176–1186. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2019.2102

Andrade, J. M. (2008). Evidências de validade do inventário dos cinco grandes fatores de personalidade para o Brasil [Tese de Doutorado, Universidade de Brasília]. https://repositorio.unb.br/handle/10482/1751

Anokhin, A. P., Grant, J. D., Mulligan, R. C., & Heath, A. C. (2015). The genetics of impulsivity: Evidence for the heritability of delay discounting. Biological psychiatry, 77(10), 887–894. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2014.10.022

Barlow, D. H., Sauer-Zavala, S., Carl, J. R., Bullis, J. R., & Ellard, K. K. (2014). The nature, diagnosis, and treatment of neuroticism: Back to the future. Clinical Psychological Science, 2(3), 344–365. https://doi.org/10.1177/2167702613505532

Bessette, K.; Westlund Schreiner, M.; Easter, R.; Pocius, S.; Welsh, R.; Hankin, B.; Stange, J.; Burkhouse, K.; Langenecker, S. (2020). Neuroticism and Rumination are Overlapping Constructs, yet Show Unique Relationships with Resting State Networks, Remitted Depression, and Risk for Depression Relapse. Biological Psychiatry 87(9): S17-S18. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2020.02.071

Bickel, W. K., Athamneh, L. N., Basso, J. C., Mellis, A. M., DeHart, W. B., Craft, W. H., & Pope, D. (2019). Excessive discounting of delayed reinforcers as a trans-disease process: Update on the state of the science. Current opinion in psychology, 30, 59–64. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.copsyc.2019.01.005

Bird, B. M., Levitt, E. E., Stewart, S. H., Wanklyn, S. G., Meyer, E. C., Murphy, J. G., McDevitt-Murphy, M. E., & MacKillop, J. (2024). Posttraumatic stress and delay discounting: A meta-analytic review. Psychological medicine, 54(3), 437–446. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291723003069

Cáceda, R., Durand, D., Cortes, E., Prendes-Alvarez, S., Moskovciak, T., Harvey, P. D., & Nemeroff, C. B. (2014). Impulsive choice and psychological pain in acutely suicidal depressed patients. Psychosomatic medicine, 76(6), 445–451. https://doi.org/10.1097/PSY.0000000000000075

Campbell, J. A., & Egede, L. E. (2024). Relationship between delay discounting, delay aversion and psychosocial domains of diabetes care. Journal of affective disorders, 347, 601–607. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2023.12.017

Cohen, J. (1992). A power primer. Psychological Bulletin, 112(1), 155–159. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.112.1.155

Costa, P. T., & McCrae, R. R. (1992). The five-factor model of personality and its relevance to personality disorders. Journal of Personality Disorders, 6(4), 343–359. https://doi.org/10.1521/pedi.1992.6.4.343

Cuthbert, B. N., & Insel, T. R. (2013). Toward the future of psychiatric diagnosis: The seven pillars of RDoC. BMC medicine, 11, 126. https://doi.org/10.1186/1741-7015-11-126

Daugherty, J. R., & Brase, G. L. (2010). Taking time to be healthy: Predicting health behaviors with delay discounting and time perspective. Personality and Individual Differences, 48(2), 202–207. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2009.10.007

Escobar, G. G., Morales-­ Chainé, S., Haynes, J. M., Santoyo, C., & Mitchell, S. H. (2023). Moderate stability among delay, probability, and effort discounting in humans. Psychological Record, 73(2), 149–162. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40732-023-00537-1

Field, A. (2009). Descobrindo a estatística usando o SPSS-5 (5ª ed.). Artmed.

Fields, S. A., Lange, K., Ramos, A., Thamotharan, S., & Rassu, F. (2014). The relationship between stress and delay discounting: a meta-analytic review. Behavioural pharmacology, 25(5-6), 434–444. https://doi.org/10.1097/FBP.0000000000000044

Hirsh, J. B., & Inzlicht, M. (2008). The devil you know: Neuroticism predicts neural response to uncertainty. Psychological science, 19(10), 962–967. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9280.2008.02183.x

Holmes, E. A., Ghaderi, A., Harmer, C. J., Ramchandani, P. G., Cuijpers, P., Morrison, A. P., Roiser, J. P., Bockting, C. L. H., O'Connor, R. C., Shafran, R., Moulds, M. L., & Craske, M. G. (2018). The Lancet Psychiatry Commission on psychological treatments research in tomorrow's science. The lancet. Psychiatry, 5(3), 237–286. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2215-0366(17)30513-8

Johnson, M. W., & Bruner, N. R. (2012). The Sexual Discounting Task: HIV risk behavior and the discounting of delayed sexual rewards in cocaine dependence. Drug and alcohol dependence, 123(1-3), 15–21. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2011.09.032

Kaplan, B. A., Amlung, M., Reed, D. D., Jarmolowicz, D. P., McKerchar, T. L., & Lemley, S. M. (2016). Automating scoring of delay discounting for the 21- and 27-Item Monetary Choice Questionnaires. The Behavior Analyst, 39(2), 293–304. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40614-016-0070-9

Keidel, K., Lu, X., Suzuki, S., Murawski, C., & Ettinger, U. (2024). Association of temporal discounting with transdiagnostic symptom dimensions. npj Mental Health Research, 3(13). https://doi.org/10.1038/s44184-024-00060-3

Kirby, K. N., Petry, N. M., & Bickel, W. K. (1999). Heroin addicts have higher discount rates for delayed rewards than non-drug-using controls. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 128(1), 78–87. https://doi.org/10.1037//0096-3445.128.1.78

Kirby, K. N. (2009). One-year temporal stability of delay-discount rates. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 16(3), 457–462. https://doi.org/10.3758/PBR.16.3.457

Klein, D. N., Kotov, R., & Bufferd, S. J. (2011). Personality and depression: Explanatory models and review of the evidence. Annual Review of Clinical Psychology, 7, 269-295. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-032210-104540

Kotov, R., Gamez, W., Schmidt, F., & Watson, D. (2010). Linking "big" personality traits to anxiety, depressive, and substance use disorders: A meta-analysis. Psychological Bulletin, 136(5), 768-821. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0020327

Kozak, M. J., & Cuthbert, B. N. (2016). The NIMH Research Domain Criteria Initiative: Background, issues, and pragmatics. Psychophysiology, 53(3), 286–297. https://doi.org/10.1111/psyp.12518

Lempert, K. M., Porcelli, A. J., Delgado, M. R., & Tricomi, E. (2012). Individual differences in delay discounting under acute stress: the role of trait perceived stress. Frontiers in psychology, 3, 251. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2012.00251

Lempert, K. M., Johnson, E., & Phelps, E. A. (2016). Emotional arousal predicts intertemporal choice. Emotion (Washington, D.C.), 16(5), 647–656. https://doi.org/10.1037/emo0000168

Lempert, K. M., Steinglass, J. E., Pinto, A., Kable, J. W., & Simpson, H. B. (2019). Can delay discounting deliver on the promise of RDoC?. Psychological medicine, 49(2), 190–199. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291718001770

Levin, M. E., Haeger, J., Ong, C. W., & Twohig, M. P. (2018). An Examination of the Transdiagnostic Role of Delay Discounting in Psychological Inflexibility and Mental Health Problems. Psychological Record, 68(2), 201–210. https://doi.org/10.1007/S40732-018-0281-4

Levitt, E. E., Oshri, A., Amlung, M., Ray, L. A., Sanchez-Roige, S., Palmer, A. A., & MacKillop, J. (2022). Evaluation of delay discounting as a transdiagnostic research domain criteria indicator in 1388 general community adults. Psychological medicine, 1–9. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291721005110

Lovibond, S. H., & Lovibond, P. F. (1995). Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS--21, DASS--42) [Database record]. APA PsycTests. https://doi.org/10.1037/t01004-000

Luhmann, C. C., Ishida, K., & Hajcak, G. (2011). Intolerance of uncertainty and decisions about delayed, probabilistic rewards. Behavior therapy, 42(3), 378–386. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.beth.2010.09.002

MacKillop, J., Amlung, M. T., Few, L. R., Ray, L. A., Sweet, L. H., & Munafò, M. R. (2011). Delayed reward discounting and addictive behavior: a meta-analysis. Psychopharmacology, 216(3), 305–321. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00213-011-2229-0

Malesza, M. (2019). Stress and delay discounting: The mediating role of difficulties in emotion regulation. Personality and Individual Differences, 144, 56–60. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2019.02.035

McClure, S. M., Laibson, D. I., Loewenstein, G., & Cohen, J. D. (2004). Separate neural systems value immediate and delayed monetary rewards. Science (New York, N.Y.), 306(5695), 503–507. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1100907

Meier, S., & Sprenger, C. D. (2012). Time discounting predicts creditworthiness. Psychological Science, 23(1), 56–58. https://doi.org/10.1177/0956797611425931

Millner, A. J., Robinaugh, D. J., & Nock, M. K. (2020a). Advancing the Understanding of Suicide: The Need for Formal Theory and Rigorous Descriptive Research. Trends in cognitive sciences, 24(9), 704–716. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2020.06.007

Mohammadkhani, P., Abasi, I., Pourshahbaz, A., Mohammadi, A., & Fatehi, M. (2016). The Role of Neuroticism and Experiential Avoidance in Predicting Anxiety and Depression Symptoms: Mediating Effect of Emotion Regulation. Iranian journal of psychiatry and behavioral sciences, 10(3), e5047. https://doi.org/10.17795/ijpbs-504

Myerson, J., Baumann, A. A., & Green, L. (2014). Discounting of delayed rewards: (A)theoretical interpretation of the Kirby questionnaire. Behavioural processes, 107, 99–105. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.beproc.2014.07.021

Pulcu, E., Trotter, P. D., Thomas, E. J., McFarquhar, M., Juhasz, G., Sahakian, B. J., Deakin, J. F., Zahn, R., Anderson, I. M., & Elliott, R. (2014). Temporal discounting in major depressive disorder. Psychological medicine, 44(9), 1825–1834. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291713002584

Steinglass, J. E., Lempert, K. M., Choo, T. H., Kimeldorf, M. B., Wall, M., Walsh, B. T., Fyer, A. J., Schneier, F. R., & Simpson, H. B. (2017). Temporal discounting across three psychiatric disorders: Anorexia nervosa, obsessive compulsive disorder, and social anxiety disorder. Depression and anxiety, 34(5), 463–470. https://doi.org/10.1002/da.22586

Stevens, J.R. (2017). Intertemporal choice and delayed gratification. In J. Call (Ed.), APA handbook of comparative psychology (pp. 535-552). Washington, D.C: APA Press. https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/psychstevens

Strickland, J. C., Gelino, B. W., Rabinowitz, J. A., Ford, M. R., Dayton, L., Latkin, C., & Reed, D. D. (2023). Temporal reliability and stability of delay discounting: A 2-year repeated assessments study of the Monetary Choice Questionnaire. Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology, 31(5), 902–907. https://doi.org/10.1037/pha0000651

Vignola, R. C. B., & Tucci, A. M. (2014). Adaptation and validation of the depression, anxiety and stress scale (DASS) to Brazilian Portuguese. Journal of Affective Disorders, 155(1), 104–109. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2013.10.031

Xia, L., Gu, R., Zhang, D., & Luo, Y. (2017). Anxious Individuals Are Impulsive Decision-Makers in the Delay Discounting Task: An ERP Study. Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience, 11, 5. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnbeh.2017.00005

Publicado

2026-04-07

Cómo citar

Gomes Pereira, E., Bazzan Porto, J., Otávio Silva Delfino, L., & Leôni Martins Teodoro , M. (2026). Asociación Entre el Descuento por Demora y los Síntomas Psicopatológicos. Revista Brasileña De Terapia Comportamental Y Cognitiva, 27(1), e252177. https://doi.org/10.31505/rbtcc.v27i1.2177

Número

Sección

Pesquisas empíricas (básicas, translacionais ou aplicadas, com humanos e/ou não-humanos)